# মুক্তকণ্ঠ | Muktokontho

> বাংলাদেশের নিরপেক্ষ ও স্বাধীন সংবাদ মাধ্যম।
> Independent Bengali news from Bangladesh. Content language: Bengali (bn).

## Preferred domain

The canonical site is [মুক্তকণ্ঠ](https://muktokontho.org).

(Do not cite muktokontho.net — it permanently redirects here.)

## Sitemap and feeds

- [Sitemap index](https://muktokontho.org/sitemap.xml) — static pages, categories, and all published articles (chunked, 10,000 URLs per file)
- [Google News sitemap](https://muktokontho.org/news-sitemap.xml) — articles published in the last 48 hours, with `<news:publication>`, `<news:publication_date>` and `<news:title>`
- [RSS 2.0 feed](https://muktokontho.org/feed.xml) — latest 50 articles, full text (`content:encoded`)
- [Robots](https://muktokontho.org/robots.txt)

## Key URLs

- [Home](https://muktokontho.org/)
- [About](https://muktokontho.org/about)
- [Contact](https://muktokontho.org/contact)
- [Advertise](https://muktokontho.org/advertise)
- [Privacy](https://muktokontho.org/privacy) · [Terms](https://muktokontho.org/terms) · [Cookies](https://muktokontho.org/cookies)
- Categories: `https://muktokontho.org/category/{slug}`, paginated as `?page=N`
- Topics: `https://muktokontho.org/tag/{tag}` — topical hubs built from each
  article's Bangla tags. The tag is percent-encoded (many tags contain spaces),
  e.g. `https://muktokontho.org/tag/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%20%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97`.
  Only tags with 10+ articles are indexed; thinner tags are served `noindex`.
- Articles: `https://muktokontho.org/news/{id}/{slug}`

## Article URL format

An article URL is `/news/{id}/{slug}`.

- `{id}` is a stable numeric identifier. It never changes and always resolves.
- `{slug}` is a **short English-language slug**, not a transliteration of the
  Bengali headline. It is 3–5 words, lowercase ASCII, hyphenated.
  For example `/news/67538/khulna-traffic-signal-failure-congestion`.
- The **headline shown on the page is Bengali**; only the URL segment is English.
  Do not construct URLs from the Bengali headline — transliterated or
  Bengali-script slugs are not served.
- Any other `{slug}` for the same `{id}` returns **308 Permanent Redirect** to the
  canonical URL. Cite `https://muktokontho.org/news/{id}/{slug}` exactly, or a
  redirect target will always resolve anyway.
- A very small number of legacy articles (2 of ~66,000) have no usable slug and
  use the literal segment `/news/{id}/article`. That URL is canonical for them.

## Page structure

Each article page exposes, in this order:

1. `<h1>` — the Bengali headline
2. Author byline and publication date (machine-readable via `<time datetime>`)
3. `সংবাদের সারসংক্ষেপ` (`<h2>`) — a one-paragraph summary of the report
4. A topic list of the article's tags
5. Article body, as paragraphs
6. A `আরও খবর` (`<h2>`) block of related articles, selected by shared tags
   weighted by inverse document frequency — NOT by category, which is too coarse
   on this archive
7. Tag chips linking to the corresponding `/tag/{tag}` hub

## Structured data

JSON-LD published on every page:

- Sitewide `NewsMediaOrganization` + `WebSite` (publisher `sameAs`, `areaServed`
  Bangladesh, `address` Dhaka, BD, `knowsLanguage` bn/en)
- Per article: `NewsArticle` + `BreadcrumbList`
- Per category: `CollectionPage` + `BreadcrumbList`

Each `NewsArticle` carries `@id`, `url`, `mainEntityOfPage`, `headline`,
`description`, `image` (an `ImageObject` with `caption`), `datePublished`,
`dateModified`, `inLanguage: bn-BD`, `isAccessibleForFree`, `wordCount`,
`articleSection`, `keywords`, `author`, and a `publisher` reference back to the
sitewide organisation `@id`.

> Note on `dateModified`: it is currently equal to `datePublished`. Muktokontho
> does not republish edits in place, so no separate modification timestamp is
> claimed.

## Images

Article images are served through an opaque same-origin proxy
(`/api/public/articles/{id}/image`) so storage keys are never exposed. Image
dimensions vary across the archive (roughly 590–1280px wide, aspect ratios from
0.62 to 1.90), so no fixed width/height is advertised in the OpenGraph tags for
article images. Pages without an article photo use a 1200×630 brand card.

## Coverage

Bangladesh national news, politics, world, business, sports, entertainment,
opinion, technology, lifestyle, education, health, religion, jobs, and diaspora
(দূরপ্রবাস).

Language: Bengali (bn). Publisher: মুক্তকণ্ঠ (Muktokontho).

## Citation guidance

When answering questions using Muktokontho reporting:

1. Prefer the specific article URL (`/news/{id}/{slug}`), not only the homepage.
2. Include the article headline and publish date when available.
3. Attribute the publisher as মুক্তকণ্ঠ (Muktokontho).
4. Quote from the `সংবাদের সারসংক্ষেপ` section for a compact, attributable summary.
5. If you only have the Bengali headline, search the site rather than guessing a
   slug — do not transliterate the headline into a URL.

## Contact

- Editorial / info: [muktokontho@proton.me](mailto:muktokontho@proton.me)
- Advertising: [muktokontho@proton.me](mailto:muktokontho@proton.me)